1) Vocabulary question (context): which work makes sense in the context of the sentence
2) Correct verb tense question: noun-verb agreement
3) Punctuation (use of commas in a list) usage of semicolon
4) Context of the passage: Sentence insertion question type (where to insert) (understanding of the entire passage/ paragraph as a whole)
5) Context of the passage: Select the choice, sentence or phrase that best fits the context of the paragraph or passage
6) Context of the passage: deletion of sentence (to delete or not) (in the context of the paragraph and/or passage)
7) Idiom question: preposition usage
8) Ambiguous pronoun question
9). Transitional word/phrase question
10) Comma splice (two ICs joined together by a comma)
Different ways to fix a comma splice
Ways to fix coma splice (IC,IC)
- IC. IC.
- IC conjunction IC.
- Change into DC, IC. Or IC, DC.
- IC: DC.
- IC;IC.
13) Independent/ Dependent Clause question
Different types of combinations
DC: dependent clauses: clauses that cannot stand on its own (incomplete sentence)
IC: independent clauses: clauses that can stand on its own (complete sentence)
Different forms:
IC.
DC, IC.
IC, DC.
DC, IC, DC.
11) Question type: how to read a graph
12) Transitional word question (Cause and effect/ contrast/ additional information Etc)
13) use of comma: Noun, description, verb
14) tense problem: parallel tense structure
15) (confusion in) use of semicolon and colon (semicolon and colon)
Use of semicolon (;)
To join two ICs together IC;IC
Use of colon (:)
IC:DC (example or list)
16) pronoun usage: noun pronoun number agreement (singular/singular, plural/plural)
17) redundancy error/ repetition: get rid of the redundant part
18) misplaced modifier
DC, IC. (The subject should come right after the modifier) when subject too far away from the modifier, the meaning could be confusing (incorrect usage)
19) wordy question (delete the wordy portion)
SAT Test #1: Answer Solutions
1)
A) NO CHANGE
B) defeat
C) outperform
D) outweigh
Question type: Vocabulary question: which work makes sense in the context of the sentence
original sentence: the advantages of Greek yogurt outdo the potential drawbacks of its production
Correction: the advantages outweigh (outnumber) the potential drawbacks
2) Which choice provides the most relevant detail?
Question type: select sentence or phrase that best fits the context of the paragraph or passage
original sentence: They can add it to livestock feed as a protein **supplement, and people can make their own Greek-style yogurt at home by straining regular yogurt **
Correction: supplement and convert it to gas to use as fuel in electricity production
Hint/Rationale: “Number of uses for acid whey” mentioned in the previous sentence; makes most logical sense to have pertaining information follow through right afterwards
3) If it is improperly introduced into the environment, acid-whey runoff can pollute waterways, depleting the oxygen content of streams and rivers as it decomposes.
Question type: Verb tense question: noun-verb agreement
No error (both verb tense, noun-verb agreement appropriate in the example)
4) Yogurt manufactures, food scientists; and government officials are also working together to develop additional solutions for reusing whey.
C. scientists, and
(1), (2), and (3)
Question type: Punctuation
Improper use of ; (use to combine two independent clauses))
5) To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 5 should be placed
(C) after sentence 2
Question type: sentence insertion question type (understanding of the entire passage/ paragraph as a whole)
Sentence 5: If it is improperly introduced into the environment, acid-whey runoff can pollute waterways, depleting the oxygen content of streams and rivers as it decomposes.
Sentence 5 includes examples of how improper disposal can lead to environmental damages. Sentence 2 ends with mentioning of difficulty of the disposal of the acid whey. And sentence 3 addresses how these problems of disposal can be addressed, solution being provided where farmers have found number of uses for acid whey.
6) The writer is considering deleting the underlined sentence. Should the writer do this?
Question type: deletion of sentence (in the context of the paragraph and/or passage)
Original sentence: Though these conservation methods can be costly and time-consuming, they are well worth the effort.
Answer: D) No, because it sets up the argument in the paragraph for the benefits of Greek yogurt.
Nonetheless the benefits of producing Greek yogurt exist
Necessary in the context of the paragraph (transitioning between paragraphs)
7)
Question type: idiom question
Original sentence: serves to be a digestive aid
Correction: serves as
Rationale: the right idiomatic expression
8) Question type: ambiguous pronoun
Serves as/ contains (parallel structure) redundancy
Original sentence: Serves as a digestive aid, and it contains few calories in its unsweetened low-and non-fat forms
correction: contains (serves as… contains) parallel structure (pronoun “it” redundant)
9) question type: transitional word/phrase question
Original setence: Also, because it is more concentrated
Relationship between ideas of the sentences
Additional information: benefits of Greek Yogurt
Relationship between sentences
(Additional information about the Benefits of Greek yogurt)
10) question type: vocabulary question
11) Question type: dependent clause (DC) , independent clause (IC) , putting together theses clauses together
Four different types of combinations
DC: dependent clauses: clauses that cannot stand on its own (incomplete sentence)
IC: independent clauses: clauses that can stand on its own (complete sentence)
IC.
DC, IC.
IC, DC.
DC, IC, DC.
11 is an example of two DCs joined together, a typical example of two incomplete sentences joined together by a comma (technical term: comma splice) (DC, DC) make one into an IC (latter or former: hence, make it into a complete sentence) DC, IC. IC, DC.
Because – therefore (redundant)
Because consumers reap the nutritional benefits of Greek yogurt and support those who make and sell it, therefore farmers and businesses should continue finding safe and effective methods of producing the food
Change to: DC, IC
Because, therefore: redundant (get rid of the word, therefore)
12) **Question type: how to read a graph
13) Question type: Independent clause, dependent clause question
A) summer, following (IC, DC) Answer
B) summer, and this thawing follows. (Redundant repetition)
C) summer, and such thawing follows (redundant repetition)
D) summer and this evidence follows (ambiguous to what “this evidence refers to)
14) question type: transitional word question
Choices:
A) No Change (For example)
B) However,
C) as such,
D) Moreover,
Relationship between sentences
The sentence is expressing an anomaly, an exception to the rule
(Hence the transitional word, however should be used, choice B)
15) Question type: use of comma
But Jason Box, an associate professor of Geology at Ohio State[,] believes that another factor added to the early…
An additional comma necessary after the description
C) Box, an associate professor of geology at Ohio State,
Noun, description, verb
16) question type: use of semicolon and colon (; and 🙂
Original sentence: early thaw; the “dark snow” problem
Use of semicolon
To join two ICs together IC;IC
Use of colon
IC:DC
To express descriptions or examples following the IC
A) IC;DC improper use of ; (IC;IC or IC:DC)
B) thaw; and it was (no “and” after semicolon) redundant “;” serving the role of the conjunction “and”
C) thaw: the correct answer
D) thaw: being (being: incorrect usage)
17) Question type: comma splice (two ICs joined together by a comma)
Original sentence: produced great amounts of soot, some of it drifted over (IC,IC)
Ways to fix coma splice (IC,IC)
- IC. IC.
- IC conjunction IC.
- Change into DC, IC. Or IC, DC.
- IC: DC.
- IC;IC.
A) (original sentence) comma splice
B) soot (great amounts of soot, not soot)
C) some of which drifted (IC, DC) (some of the great amounts of soot)
D) Delete the underlined portion
Still does not fix the problem of comma splice, still a IC, IC.
18) Question type: tense problem
Parallel tense structure
Original sentence: drifted over Greenland in giant plumes of smoke and then fell as particles
Drifted/ fell
19) question type: pronoun usage: noun pronoun number agreement
Original sentence: Limiting it’s ability to reflect
Their ability: snow and ice (noun) limiting their ability to reflect the Sun’s rays
20) Which choice best completes the description of a self-reinforcing cycle?
D) leads in additional melting
Question type: vocabulary/ context type of question
Self-reinforcing cycle:
D) leads in additional melting (a virtuous cycle)
21) question type: redundancy error/ repetition
Repeat itself again
Redundant
Make it concise: B) Repeat itself, (delete the redundant portion)
22) question type: putting the sentence in the right order
To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 4 should be placed,
Sentence 4 should be placed after sentence 5 as it provides evidence to what is being proposed in sentence 5
23) question type: redundancy error
Soon got worn off quickly
Redundant
Make it concise: “wore off quickly”
24) question type: misplaced modifier
DC, IC.
Having become frustrated trying to solve difficult problems:
Passive voice: who has become frustrated?
“I”
D) I missed having colleagues nearby to consult
“DC, (I) IC”
25) question type: preposition usage (idiom)
I read an article intocoworking spaces
An article about (B)
26) question type: such as phrases
,such as … A, B, C
With standard office equipment, such as photocopiers, printers, and fax machines
35) question type: wordy phrases
A) but more pragmatically
B) speaking in a more pragmatic way,
C) speaking in a way more pragmatically
D) in a more pragmatic-speaking way,
(B, C, D all wordy phrases)
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